Bundled or unbundled? A multi-text corpus-assisted discourse analysis of the relationship between teaching and research in UK universities     

Adam Matthews  Ben Kotzee 《British Educational Research Journal》2022,48(3):578-597

Creating and disseminating knowledge through research and teaching has long been regarded as the hallmark of the modern university. However, new university business models have called into question the ‘bundling’ of teaching and research, and sustained research on the relationship between teaching and research has found little evidence of an insoluble connection between the two activities. In this article, we explore the relationship between teaching and research from the perspective of universities’ institutional discourse. We use corpus-assisted discourse analysis to examine the relationship between research and teaching as presented in two sets of institutional texts currently influential in UK Higher Education: Research Excellence Framework environment statements and Teaching Excellence Framework provider submissions (a total of 2143 documents and 12,492,071 words). Our findings show that, while universities emphasise the value of research to their teaching, they do not always emphasise (or sometimes even decry) the influence of teaching on their research. We empirically evidence that, according to what universities themselves write in institutional texts, teaching and research are not always in a mutually beneficial entanglement, but often rather a one-way relationship in which research expertise and institutional prestige are used to bolster claims of teaching excellence. This has implications for the communication of both the vision and the purpose of a university in regulatory exercises and wider policy, but also speaks to the broader idea and practice of being a university in the twenty-first century.  相似文献   

A new route towards more harmonious intergroup relationships in England? Majority members’ proximal-acculturation     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2021

Although the ways that immigrants relate to UK culture has been a hot topic since the EU-referendum, little attention has been given to how majority group members such as Host Country Nationals (HCNs) relate to immigrants’ culture. Thus, we explored English HCNs’ globalisation-based proximal-acculturation – the extent to which they prefer to adopt aspects of immigrants’ cultures and/or maintain their national culture. Using two-step cluster analysis, a pilot study (N = 63) revealed a separated, integrated, and undifferentiated cluster, with separated HCNs perceiving cultural diversity more as a threat and less as an enrichment. Using latent profile analysis in a second study (N = 220) also revealed a three strategy-solution, identifying assimilated, integrated and separated profiles. Again we examined how these strategies differed across perceptions of cultural threat and enrichment as well as other psychosocial characteristics: identifying with fellow English citizens, recognizing cultural differences whilst not being culturally embedded (constructive marginalization), and various forms of intergroup contact. Separated HCNs identified more with fellow English citizens, endorsed less constructive marginalization, perceived less cultural enrichment yet more cultural threat than HCNs following some of the other strategies. These results stress that the onus of cultural adoption lies with both groups – minorities and majority members – with English HCNs showing distinct proximal-acculturation strategies. Lastly, when exploring a variable-centred approach, proximal-acculturation orientations (cultural maintenance/adoption) mediated the relationship between cultural threat, cultural enrichment, and intergroup contact on positive feelings towards immigrants. Thus, the ways that HCNs acculturate may provide a new route towards harmonious intergroup relations.  相似文献   

Measuring Textbook Content Coverage: Efficient Content Analysis with Lesson Sampling     

Jiahui Zhang  Leland S. Cogan  William H. Schmidt 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(2):74-84

This study addresses measurement issues around a standards-based content analysis of mathematics textbooks’ coverage of standards for use in large-scale monitoring of standards implementation as proposed in a 2013 report by the National Research Council. An earlier study produced an exhaustive content analysis of textbooks using the 2012 Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. This yielded an accurate and reliable portrait of a textbook's coverage of standards. However, such an in-depth analysis is not feasible for large-scale standards-implementation monitoring in which a large number of textbooks may need to be analyzed. To provide such a portrait with sufficient accuracy while also substantially reducing the associated resources needed to produce such a portrait, a simulation study was conducted with the exhaustively coded database to compare different sampling schemes. Results indicated that sampling 1 day from each week and coding the corresponding lessons led to sufficiently accurate representations of the overall content of the textbook. The results provide empirical evidence for large-scale standards-based content analyses of mathematics textbooks for monitoring standards implementation which could be adapted for other subject areas.  相似文献   

Promoting students’ social behavior in primary education through Success for All lessons     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2020

Success for All (SfA) is a comprehensive school reform program with a strong emphasis on cooperative learning that aims to improve students’ social emotional learning alongside students’ cognitive learning. In the present study it was examined whether SfA led to improved students’ social behavior in Grade 1–3 of primary education. Peer sociometric data was collected for 974 students aged 6–9. Using multivariate multilevel analysis we found no significant effect of SfA on students’ pro- and antisocial behavior over time. However, a significant interaction effect was found showing that antisocial behavior of students from disadvantaged backgrounds decreased in the intervention condition in Grade 2. This is a promising finding given that the SfA program was especially developed for schools serving large numbers of disadvantaged students. Implications of the study are described.  相似文献   

Protective behavior in ride-sharing through the lens of protection motivation theory and usage situation theory     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

The frequent occurrence of security incidents in ride-sharing is a challenge for the survival of IT-enabled ride-sharing platforms. Passengers’ protective behavior is an effective means to alleviate this issue, with benefits to both the passengers and the platforms. This study explores the mechanisms of passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context by combining protection motivation theory (PMT) and usage situation theory. We test our hypotheses using data (n = 346) collected from a field survey based on a real scenario. The findings reveal that PMT and usage situation theory work well to explain passengers’ protective behavior during ride-sharing. This study explains the motivation behind passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context, extends the contents of PMT by exploring its antecedents, and extends the contents of usage situation theory by introducing a new dimension. Our findings can help ride-sharing platforms take appropriate strategies to improve passengers’ protective behavior.  相似文献   

Muscle force characteristics of male and female collegiate cross-country runners during overground running     

C. Nathan Vannatta  Thomas G. Almonroeder  Thomas W. Kernozek  Stacey Meardon 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(5):542-551

ABSTRACT

Males and females demonstrate unique running mechanics that may contribute to sex-related differences in common running related injuries. Understanding differences in muscle forces during running may inform intervention approaches, such as gait retraining addressing muscle force distribution. The purpose of this study was to compare muscle force characteristics and inter-trial variability between males and females during running. Twenty female and 14 male collegiate cross-country runners were examined. Three-dimensional kinetic and kinematic data were collected during overground running and used to estimate muscle forces via musculoskeletal modelling. Principle components analysis was used to capture the primary sources of variance from the muscle force waveforms. The magnitude of the forces for the hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles were higher across the majority of stance in male runners regardless of footstrike pattern. Males also demonstrated greater inter-trial variability in the timing of the peak gluteus maximus force and the magnitude of local peaks in the gastrocnemius force waveform. Male and female collegiate cross-country runners appear to employ unique lower extremity muscle force characteristics during overground running.  相似文献   

公共健康视角下的电子竞技发展趋势研究     

闫金 《山东体育科技》2020,(1):11-15

电子竞技(E-sports)已经成为当代发展最快,且最重要的文化现象之一。国家体育总局于2003年将它列为第99个运动项目,又在2011年再次将电子竞技改为正式比赛项目。电子竞技从运动员、观众和经济价值而言,是一个不断发展的产业,而且它将被列入2024年巴黎奥运会。虽然最初主要是年轻男性对电子竞技感兴趣,但电子竞技有可能在更广泛的用户群体中带来健康行为的改变。本文运用文献资料法,对比分析法和逻辑分析法探讨电子竞技在整个生命周期内影响健康行为以及一些主要困境的解决措施。除此之外,电子竞技将有可能帮助于个人改变其体育活动和健康行为。最后考虑到电子竞技的指数增长,对于学者和政策制定者来说,认识到电子竞技带来的机遇是非常重要的。  相似文献   

用户动机视角下的Altmetrics指标研究     

刘晓娟  王晨琳 《图书情报知识》2020,(3):63-70,96

[目的/意义]从用户动机视角对Altmetrics指标的本质和价值进行分析,使Altmetrics的应用更为科学合理。[研究设计/方法]首先对相关文献中的动机进行组织提炼与规范化表述。在此基础上引入用户行为理论解释和分析用户动机体现的指标价值。再选取Twitter提及量指标,使用内容分析法进行案例研究。[结论/发现]提炼出19种用户动机,其中有6种动机会降低指标应用价值。[创新/价值]探索Altmetrics数据的产生机制,在一定程度上回答了Altmetrics指标可用性问题。  相似文献   

国际科研众筹项目的特征描述、主题分析及属性对比:基于Experiment平台的发现     

刘周颖  赵宇翔  巴志超  吴聪  朱庆华 《图书情报知识》2020,(3):71-82

[目的/意义]为了深入了解科研众筹平台中的项目情况,本文对科研众筹项目的基本特征、研究主题和不同类型科研众筹项目的属性对比进行研究。[研究设计/方法]首先对科研众筹的起源、价值和运作模式进行了梳理;随后爬取了科研众筹平台Experiment的项目信息,并对该平台中科研项目的发起者、背书者、项目记录、所属学科、资助情况等进行特征描述;基于LDA模型对科研众筹项目主题进一步细化,并对不同资金筹集和不同主题分类情况下的科研众筹项目的属性差异进行比较分析。[结论/发现]科研众筹主题主要集中在生物学和生态学两个领域,不同资金筹集达成情况的科研众筹项目在项目背书者数量、信息记录次数和讨论次数上具有显著差异;不同主题的科研众筹项目在其讨论次数上具有显著差异。同时,是否提供视频和是否参与资助挑战在不同资金筹集达成情况和不同主题的科研众筹项目上均具有显著差异。[创新/价值]深入分析了科研众筹平台中项目主题及属性对比情况,对科研众筹平台优化信息审核机制、社交机制和信息展示机制具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

Adverse experiences in infancy and toddlerhood: Relations to adaptive behavior and academic status in middle childhood     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

Findings from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) study articulated the negative effects of childhood trauma on long-term well-being. The purpose of the current study is to examine the associations between ACEs experienced in infancy and toddlerhood and adaptive behavior and academic status in middle childhood. We used data collected from a sample of low-income families during the impacts study of Early Head Start (EHS). Data were collected by trained interviewers demonstrating at least 85% reliability with protocols. Data come from 1469 socio-demographically diverse mothers and children collected at or near ages 1, 2, 3, and 11. At ages 1, 2, and 3, an EHS-ACEs index was created based on interview and observation items. The EHS-ACEs indices were averaged to represent exposure across infancy and toddlerhood. At age 11, parents were asked about school outcomes and completed the Child Behavior Checklist. Across development, children were exposed to zero (19%), one (31%), two (27%), and three or more ACEs (23%). Logistic regression analyses, controlling for EHS program assignment, and parent, school, and child characteristics, showed ACEs were significantly associated with parental report of the child: having an individualized educational program since starting school and in the current school year, having been retained a grade in school, and problems with externalizing and internalizing behavior, as well as attention. Findings suggest that ACEs influence children’s behavioral and academic outcomes early in development.  相似文献